塘沽火车站,子宫内膜癌,初音未来同人h
ABSTRACT摘要 在本节中的报告之前，有个100字左右的小摘要。本文主要是为了澄清在氧化环境中的氧化物次生矿物可能决定锑的分散程度，schafarzikite，FeSb2O4和tripuhyite，FeSbO4等的合成及稳定性研究，溶解度分别在298.15 K和在含水HNO 3的情况下用于计算在相同温度下ΔGfө的值而获得的数据来确定结果。
In this section you write a 100-word summary of your report. In order to clarify the roles that secondary minerals may determine the extent of the dispersion of antimony in oxidising environments, syntheses and stability studies of the oxides schafarzikite, FeSb2O4, and tripuhyite, FeSbO4, have been undertaken. Solubilities in aqueous HNO3 were determined at 298.15 K and the data obtained used to calculate values of ΔGfө at the same temperature. The derived ΔGfө(s, 298.15 K) values for FeSb2O4 and FeSbO4 are –959.4 4.3 and –836.8 2.2 kJ mol–1, respectively. Results have been compared with electrochemically-derived data in the literature, extrapolated from 771-981 K. The present study has shown conclusively that whilst the mobility of Sb above the water table is limited by simple Sb(III) and Sb(V) oxides and stibiconite group minerals, depending upon the prevailing redox potential and pH an important ultimate sink for Sb in the supergene environment is tripuhyite.
1. INTRODUCTION引言
本节提供了本文的研究背景，即在晴朗角，矿点，硫化物矿床，土壤化学，水化学，表生地球化学等细节一定要讨论的硫化物矿床欣角的类型，任何历史信息，您都可以到地质信息源查询。最后一段说明了我们的研究目标，并通过这个简介来介绍我们的工作。
In this section provide a background to your project; details on Sunny Corner, mine sites, sulfide deposits, soil chemistry, water chemistry, supergene geochemistry, etc. Be sure to discuss the type of sulfide deposit at Sunny Corner. Any historical information you may be able to source including geological information. Use the last paragraph to state your aims; if you read the last paragraph of this Introduction it reads “in this work…”. You should start your last paragraph in this fashion.
Annual production of antimony (Sb) ranks it ninth of all metals mined for industrial applications (Krachler et al., 2001; Filella et al., 2002a). Sb is a toxic heavy metal and this has occasioned many studies aimed at understanding its solubility behaviour in surface waters and how it may be immobilised in the supergene zone. Comprehensive reviews by Filella et al. (2002a,b, 2003, 2009) and Filella and Williams (2010) have increased our understanding of the behaviour of antimony in the natural environment when it is present at low concentrations and how this relates to assessment of toxicity. Reports concerning Sb in contaminated sites (e.g., Ashley et al., 2003; Wilson et al., 2004; Wilson et al., 2010; Tserenpil and Liu, 2011; Wang et al., 2011) and potential remediation measures (e.g., Navarro and Algucil, 2002; Biswas et al., 2009; Wu et al., 2010; Xi et al., 2011) have emerged in the literature. Nevertheless, conflicting reports of the mobility of Sb in hydrological systems, especially those in oxidising near-surface environments, remain scattered through the literature with some authors claiming that Sb is mobile (Vink, 1996; Krupka and Serne, 2002), some the contrary (Wilson et al., 2004), and others noting that little is known about the matter (Filella et al, 2002a, b). In order to resolve this divergence of opinion, knowledge is required of secondary Sb-bearing phases that may serve to limit Sb solubility
Antimony usually exists in oxidation states -III, 0, III and V, and all are found in Nature. Upon oxidation near the Earth’s surface, oxidation states III and V dominate, but the geochemistry of Sb in the supergene environment, above the water table, is still not well understood. The confusion arises to a large degree from assessments of solubility of Sb when using Sb2O5(s) as a proxy for naturally occurring secondary Sb(V) minerals (Vink, 1996; Bookins, 1986). The phase does not occur naturally. Studies that address this issue have emerged only recently, and have highlighted the roles that salts of the Sb(OH)6– ion and members of the stibiconite group (MxSb2(O,OH)7) exert a considerable control (Filella et al., 2009), an observation echoed by others (Majzlan et al., 2011). Still, it remains apparent that other controls must be more significant than these.
In this work, syntheses and stability studies of the oxides schafarzikite, FeSb2O4, and tripuhyite, FeSbO4, were undertaken to derive ΔGfө(s, 298.15 K) values. These experimental values are compared to electrochemically-derived data in the literature, extrapolated from 771-981 K. The results of this study provide insights into the limited mobility of Sb in the natural environment.
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS材料与方法
Only write about the methods you present in your results – if you have methods in this section that are not presented in the Results section, you will lose marks. Cut and discard the sections that are not relevant to your project.
For static text in front of our religion has been involved in a lot, but only a static religion generalization or just a part of the static content on religion were discussed. Next, we will discuss the analysis of static religious system . ( In fact, we called on a lot of static religious sense refers to a primitive religion )
First, we can determine that arise from primitive religious needs of the community , more precisely, from the needs of social instincts . At this point we have no choice but to repeat the human intellect is the problem that this article mentioned several times . In the biological world driven by the impulse of life evolving with, and thus there have been two evolutionary lines , one is instinctive form of the animal kingdom , and the other is based on the form of the human intellect . The human intellect for human nature to break in the process of expanding the soil made outstanding contributions in the same process but the human intellect has also exposed its weaknesses and shortcomings , we have put these defects are summarized in three points in front : the reason people selfish, fear of death , anxiety in the future. Faced with this grim may hinder the evolution of the situation in the cause of life , human evolution "residual " instinct issued a call for it to it 's fiction, fantasy ability to create a religious myth, but also of all faiths in the form of primitive looking the spiritual consolation , so religion was born. This is a brief description of the primitive religion produced . In the course of human history in religion plays an important role , and in some specific period of time , such as the Middle Ages, became the dominant religion in secular society mainstream values . According to Bergson 's view, the reason he put religion into static and dynamic religion religion and the religion is defined as the initial stage of static religious development , because Bergson think even played live in a civilized society , static religion the role is almost identical to the original religion. Static religious Bergson defined in the " static" means that although early forms of religion , refers to a closed, fixed state, but his deep meaning not only refers only kind of religion, faith and faith groups form a stationary state , but refers to fixed religious functions . In other words , Bergson define static religion is religion in its fixed -based functions unchanged . As can be seen in Bergson 's " two sources of morality and religion ", the primitive society from primitive to civilized society primitive religion in our lives , functions static religion is basically unchanged . That still has two basic functions of religion is almost constant , one religion through religious taboos and religious prohibitions to dispel people's selfish idea that religion creates all sorts of terrible gods , through the " taboo" to maintain social cohesion and stability ; the second is religion for human fear of death confrontation functions , due to human rational analysis , reasoning and other functions resulting in human brain death formed a clear concept , they know they must die , and doomed , eventually forming of death fear , and religion is to design these mythical immortality of the soul , the afterlife , etc. to digestion people 's fear of death . As we mentioned the role of religious boycott in the first section concerns for humans "uncertainty between actions and results ," frustration arising in a civilized society has been gradually fading. With the advancement of science and technology because of a civilized society , people for the " results" and greater control , so people gradually reduce this concern . But in any case , the first two functions of religion is an integral part of maintaining human society .
In short, because the static religious instinct needs arising in society , work is the most basic , most fundamental , and is basically unchanged , so Bergson put this to meet the basic needs of members of social groups defined as the primary religion . " static religion . "
Bergson believes in the need of society to produce static religious instinct , which is a group of external form and adapt to social life , it plays on the role of reason against defects , its ultimate aim is to increase cohesion between people , which is the unity of the Department of Social development . Thus, in a large extent still is a personal religion emphasizes social customs, religious obedience and compliance with the ban , emphasizing above all the interest groups , focusing on the maintenance of social order . But from another perspective, a static religion often reject change and development ; so defective that it 's a static religion resting , fixed invariance, closed and exclusive . |
