黄羊泉,马腾飞,邪魅恶少的专属之吻
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In general, it is up to audience's position factors, such as race, class, sex, age, occupation, educational level, social status and economic strength to decide their position in interpreting a TV program (Brown, 1990; Hall, 1973). Different viewers will interpret a same TV program differently, and the same audience will interpret a same TV program at different times and in different contexts differently (Hall, 1973; 2011). The theory of oppositional position is a good explanation of why Chinese mainland and Hong Kong audiences have different attitudes towards GEM's performance in the TV program “I’m a singer”.
Significance of Hall’s theory lies in that he has abandoned the point of view that in the past, audience was believed to be only passive in decoding television program, he believes that based on understanding of television text and understanding a coder's intent, audience can be according to their needs and take the initiative to take a dominant, or negotiated, or oppositional position to decode television program, acceptance of television viewers is not passive, a sender's own interpretation does not mean a recipient's own interpretation, information transmitted is not smooth and intact all the way enter the concept of recipients (Brown, 1990; Hall, 1973). Decoding in this essay is a social activity and a social process of negotiation. The audience can take any attitude to deal with it.
Hong Kong people used to like GEM. When she was a very young girl, she held several concerts in Hong Kong. However, her more took a shouting style in singing in the TV program “I’m a singer”. Hong Kong people like more gentle and literary singing style , and shouting style is what people in Chinese mainland prefer, GEM’s choice of this singing style makes Hong Kong fans think that she choose this style to meet the preferences of Chinese mainland people’s, while ignoring what Hong Kong fans like. In addition, when GEM became famous in Chinese mainland, she refused interviews of Hong Kong media with no reason, and she clearly stated her support for Leung Chun Ying, who was disliked by young people in Hong Kong. These actions are interpreted as a kind of indifferent attitude towards the audience in Hong Kong and pleasing the mainland audience after she was famous in Chinese mainland. It is for these reasons that when fans in Hong Kong saw the performance of GEM in the TV program “I’m a singer”, they tended to take an oppositional position to interpret her performance, while the audience in Chinese mainland liked her performance very much, and fans in Hong Kong show their strong dissatisfaction.
3.0 Research Method 研究方法
An interview refers to a conversation involving one or more persons who are asked by one party and answered by the other. Interviews are also a way of gathering information about news interview, market research and other activities. The Interviewer in the conversation will ask interviewee the questions. The word “interview” refers to the role of one person in the interview, and the other in the role of the interviewee. When the interviewer asks the question, the respondent responds, the participant speaks in turns. Interviews usually involve information, from interviewees to interviewers is usually the main purpose of the interview, but the information transmission can occur in both directions simultaneously. One can compare two-way communication involving one-way flow of information.
Interviews usually occur face-to-face with people, although modern communication technologies such as the Internet have enabled conversations to take place where the parties are geographically separated, such as with video conferencing software, and of course there is no visual contact possible to telephone interviews. Interviews almost always involve spoken conversations between two or more parties, although in some cases, “conversations” can occur between two people who type questions and answers back and forth. Interviews can range from unstructured or freewheeling and open dialogues to highly structured conversations with specific issues of pre-arranged questions, where there are no predetermined plans, which occur in the specified order.
3.1 Objectives
Since 1997, when Hong Kong was ruled by Britain to return to Chinese territory, the people of Hong Kong have been disturbed. They would consider that under the rule of China, Hong Kong would have a huge change, and also fear of China's communism. Until the Chief Executive CY Leung took office, Hong Kong's anti-social mentality has become out of control, also broke out in 2014, “Umbrella Revolution”. Although GEM Tang did not participate in this incident, her demeanor has made her from Hong Kong's “the future stars” into Hong Kong “the target of public criticism”. Based on this, it forms the following research objectives:
1. To explore the Hong Kong young people decode a local celebrity GEM
2. To examine how the decoding of a star text may have articulated to the decoder’s cultural identity and how it has changed due to the changing political environment
The data collection methods were made of individual in-depth interviews. The interviews were conducted between May and June 2016 by the author to collect information. The author randomly selected 8 audiences of I am a singer 2 in school and streets in Hong Kong as research objects. All interviewees have watched this program before. The background information of the interviewees has shown below.
Table 1 Background information of 8 people informants
Name Age Gender Occupation Nationality
Jess 23 Woman Student Hong Kong
Ivy 25 Woman Retail Hong Kong
Nathan 23 Man Clerk Hong Kong
Ritchie 40 Man Wholesale Hong Kong
Allen 27 Man Marketing Hong Kong
Raymond 38 Man Clerk Hong Kong
Cherry 22 Woman Student Hong Kong
Celina 30 Woman Retail China
3.2 Background of “I am a Singer”
“I Am a Singer” is a large-scale singing reality show, which produced by Hunan Satellite TV. Seven famous singers compete on the same stag. The 500-site audience in every round decides the ranking of singers. The total number of votes of the singer in two weeks (first round) or the vote (second round onwards) who rank the lowest will be eliminated and replace by another singer’s vacancy. The singers who participate in this program, have a higher visibility in the Chinese music circle and actual strength. Music director of this program is Kubert Leung. This biggest difference between other singing competition show and this program is that other programs are focusing on mining grassroots star from the civilian population, and this program is passed between those singers who have already been famous to have contest. In addition, the singers need to sign “confidentiality clause” before the program execute so as to remind participants would not reveal to the media whether they would join the competition or not. So all the singers would not know all the competitors before the program begin until the singer appeared on stage.
3.3 Background of GEM Tang
Tang Tsz-Kei, born on August 16, 1991, also known as G.E.M. (it means “Get Everybody Moving”, which means “Get everyone move up”), is a Hong Kong singer born in Shanghai, China. She moved to Hong Kong at the age of four. She is a singer who has a strong influence in the Chinese area. |
