伊素婉,数一数课件,北大综合信息服务
战略规划的过程，一个组织的成员的指导其未来的展望和发展必要的程序和操作实现的未来”战略无非是规划、协调、执行。这个词策略有军事意义，因为它来源于希腊语。战略是为实现目标而设计的计划。在每一个领域，如游戏，商业，我们应该有战略，没有战略，我们不能做任何事情。战略不同于战术。所有的公司都应该有一个战略，以实现目标，并在市场上生存，并实现利益相关者的期望（一个谁感兴趣或影响的业务）。利益相关者包括股东、债权人，经理，客户，员工，供应商，政府、社区等。
组织应遵循战略规划过程，以实现业务目标。在这些有5个步骤：
AIM:
"STRATEGY IS THE DIRECTION AND SCOPE OF AN ORAGNISATION OVER THE LONG TERM: WHICH ACHIEVES ADVANTAGE FOR THE ORAGANISATION THROUGH ITS CONFIGURATION OF RESOURCES WITHIN A CHALLENGING BUSINESS ENVIROMENT, TO MEET THE NEEDS OF MARKETS AND TO FULFIL STAKEHOLDER EXPECTATION."
INTRODUCTION:
"Strategic planningis the PROCESS by which the GUIDING MEMBERS of an organization ENVISION its future and develop the necessary PROCEDURES AND OPERATIONS to achieve that future" (Ross A. Wirth, Ph. D. -blog, 2009, enTARGA)
Strategy is nothing but a planning, coordination, execution.
The word strategy has military connotations, because it derives from Greek word of general. A Strategy is a plan designed to achieve a goal. In every field like game, business we should have strategy without strategy we can't do anything.
Strategy is different from tactics. All the company should have a strategy to achieve the goal and survive in the market and to fulfill the expectation of stakeholder (one who interest or affect in the business). Stakeholder involves owmers, managers, shareholder, creditors, customers, employees, suppliers, government, local community etc.
The organization should follow the strategy planning process to achieve the goal in the business. In these there are 5 steps stated as:
Mission and objectives to initiate the goal or mission and easily understand.
Environmental scanning involves External environment such as PEST analysis, internal analysis such as SWOT analysis, task analysis such as porter five forces
Strategy formulation in these company should realize the strengths to match its opportunities and also known the weakness and external threats.
Strategy implementation is to implement the mission by means of programs, budgets and procedures firm resources and motivation of the staff to achieve objectives.
Evaluation and control control and evaulated the strategy after implementing.
Three level of strategy are
corporate strategy,
competitive or business strategy,
Operational or functional strategy.
For perfect strategy planning we have to work in business ethics. All the staffs, manager, strategy maker have to work in organize way to achieve the goal and fulfill the expectation of stakeholders. Planner or strategy maker have skill to realize the competition in the market and make the plan or strategy which is easily to understand by everyone and it is new and fresh that surprise the competitor. Planner should improve there service of his mission to get more profit. Planner also knows the present and future aspects of this mission. The planner has also think about the distribution and sale facility of its mission. Strategy are making in ethical ways that it does not affect the moral values and culture of the people, employer and society. Strategy is making by consider all the factors like legislation, geographic, financial, social and political that affecting business. Strategy are making in such a way that it will always success and fulfill the expectation of the stakeholder. Strategy planning is to bring together,think and execute in ethical way.
Analysis
What is long term strategic planning process?
Why it is direction and scope of oraganisation?
The startegy is direction and scope of business. This will give an efective enviroment to work in cordinate or together.For An effective approach of planning to achieve first organization is clear of mission or goal the,startegy maker and managers who make the strategy they should follow certain steps which are in circular form and action steps. The first step is to think or initiate the mission or goal and then agree on that mission by readiness assessment plan for planning and they also have business knowlegde. They also have to consider the sales target and all the financial aspects. This project is profitable or not in sort they have to measures the earnings growth. Then the planner or manager or strategy maker should think that what is the requirement and expectation of these projects. This is an must thing or mandatory thing that strategy maker have to think they must know the various requirement such as raw material, land, restriction such as government policies legislation,goverment policies, wars and conflicts etc ,expectation such as earning growth, sales target fulfil the requirement of stake holder and constraints faces. Strategy maker should also know the broadcast sense. So we have to know how to deal with the media. Clarify this all steps again what is the purposes by stakeholder. In tandem to the mission and objective the strategy maker must analyze the environmental scanning.
The environmental scanning contains three contains three components stated as:
Internal analysis of the organization such as SWOT analysis
Analysis of the firm's industry (task environment)
External macro environment (PEST analysis)
External microenvironments are explained by the PEST analysis. Pest means political, economicl, social, technolgy factors that influence the business. Pest is factor which is useful tool or responsible for market high or low, reputation, direction for a business. Pest is also known acronymic as step, this step is taken by all the organization to avoid all threats and success in the market.
In political factors involves ecological, environmental, all type legislation or law(future, current, international), regulatory bodies and processes, government policies, government term and change, trading policies, funding, grants and initiatives, home market pressure- groups, international pressure- groups, wars and conflicts.
Economic factors are Size/growths, inflation rates, exchange rates, income, international trade and monetary policy, unemployment, fiscal policy, general taxation, overseas economies specific, industry factors, market routes trends, distribution trends.
Social factors are lifestyle in an area, demographics (age, sex, geography), Consumer behavior and opinions, media views for brand, company, technology image consumer buying patterns, fashion and role models, ethical issues , culture, value, ethical factors, religious factor and marketing and publicity.
Technological factors are competing technology development, research funding, associated and dependent technologies, maturity of technology, manufacturing maturity and capacity, good information and communications exchange, consumer buying mechanisms and technology, technology legislation, innovation potential, technology access, licensing, patents, intellectual property issues and global communications.
Internal analysis is done by swot analysis. A SWOT analysis is strength, weakness, opportunities, threats.
A SWOT analysis measures a business unit while a PEST analysis measures a market. SWOT analysis is done by an idea and preposition. A SWOT analysis is the personal evaluation of the firm which helps in making decision, understanding, presentation, discussion and decision making. It is an idea decision making, preposition, method and option.
STRENGTH:
Strength is a factor which involves company name or brand name and value in the market. Organization's strength is its product and sales whose flow is conrolled and in proper direction and its reliability for end-users. Product's quality and durability makes strength for organization. Product's constant performance in competitive environment and its best quality and superior services to customer decides company's future. Organization's communication and behavior to customer and customer service is also strong factor for bright future of organization. Organization's strong background, history, it marketing and publicity strategy makes organization's future secure. And secure future is the strength for organization. They should have better product quality and reliability then the competitor. The management should committed to the work and confident to their mission
Weakness
When organization is passing through crisis at that time weakness reflects. Weakness for organization demolishes its future and its fame in market. If organization's behavior, its attitude regarding to supplier and customer as well as consumer is not professional then they are consider as a weak point for organization. Budget, raw material for products, product's manufacturing environment, issues regarding to management according to departments in company and improper time management for supply and delivery to customer and lack in services to staff members as well as stakeholders are also consider as weakness of organization. |
