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论文题目：rumour
论文语言：英语论文 English
论文专业：computer science
字数：3000
学校国家：美国
是否有数据处理要求：否
您的学校：
论文用于：BA assignment 本科课程作业
截止日期：2013-10-1
补充要求和说明：
In many online environments, standards for evidence and citation are substantially less rigorous than they are in the world of higher education. Academic expectations will typically require you to find sources at a higher level of expertise, and to cite those sources more carefully and completely, than you have in the past.在许多网络环境，对证据和引用的标准是大大低于严格的比他们在高等教育的世界。学业期望通常会要求你找货源的专业知识水平更高，并更仔细，完整地引用这些数据源，比你过去。
Wikipedia hasbecome the most frequently used resource for general reference, and considerable evidence suggests that its overall quality has improved over the years. Nevertheless, Wikipedia has its limitations--there are good reasons that it isn't cited by professionals in academia or in industry--inspiring a number of alternative projects seeking to overcome them.维基百科hasbecome最常用的资源，以供参考，而相当多的证据表明，其整体质量多年来提升。然而，维基百科有它的局限性 - 有很好的理由，它不是通过引用在学术界或行业的专业人士 - 启发了许多寻求克服这些备选项目。
Wikis and other sites open to public editing raise interesting questions for writers seeking credibility for their content (and for users who want to rely on it):维基百科等网站向公众开放编辑提高对作家求信誉为他们的内容（和谁想要依靠它的用户）有趣的问题：
•什么观点是什么类型的内容是否合适？
•在什么情况下应用户编辑的内容？
•需要什么类型的证据之前，一个说法是可信的，足以被视为一个事实？
•谁应该（也不应该）被允许编辑特定的项目？
• What types of content and what points of view are appropriate?
• Under what circumstances should users edit content?
• What types of evidence are needed before a statement is credible enough to be treated as a fact?
• Who should (and should not) be allowed to edit particular entries?
To explore these issues, and to give you experience in comparing and using different types of online reference materials, you will be writing your own entries on an open source encyclopedia: either Wikipedia or its competitor Citizendium.为了探讨这些问题，并为您提供比较和使用不同类型的在线参考资料的经验，你会写上一个开放源代码的百科全书自己的条目：要么维基百科或它的竞争对手百百。
Assignment: 赋值：
你会写上自己选择的话题之一或更多的百科全书条目，总额至少3000字。你应该选择其中你有一些了解的话题，虽然所有的事实内容都将需要来自记载，权威的来源，根据维基百科和百百的标准引用。
You will write one or more encyclopedia entries on topics of your own choosing, totaling at least 3000 words. You should choose topics of which you have some understanding, although all of your factual content will need to come from documented, authoritative sources, cited according to the standards of Wikipedia and Citizendium.
Topics:
Identify potential contributions by exploring three possibilities:
1. You may create Wikipedia articles where none exist. Wherever a user has already identified the need for such an article, the title of the requested article appears as a red link.
If you pursue this strategy, you will need to be confident that the subject of your article meets Wikipedia's guidelines for notability.
2. You may expand Wikipedia “stubs”--which provide basic identifying information but have not yet been expanded into full articles--or very short articles that obviously require substantial revision and additional content.
3. You may write an article on the other large wiki-based encyclopedia, Citizendium, developed by Wikipedia co-founder Larry Sanger based on improvements that he wanted to make for greater reliability. (Most notably, Citizendium does not allow anonymous editing, requiring contributors to register under real names.)
Citizendium is probably your best bet when you think that you can write a better articlethan the one that currently exists on Wikipedia.
I encourage you to explore Wikipedia and your own interests to find content that engages you and enables you to add valuable knowledge of legitimate use and interest to Wikipedia and Citizendium users.
Audience:
Consider two audiences. Obviously, you will need to consider a general audience consulting an article to find information on the topic. The other relevant audience is comprised of administrators and active community members on the sites--editors, subject matter experts, and enthusiasts--who will evaluate the quality of your contributions and perform future editing.
Requirements:
• At least 3000 words of article text, plus citations and other text as needed
• Citation of at least 10 sources other than Wikipedia that meet credibility standards for the area in which you are writing
• Meeting all Wikipedia/Citizendium standards for citation format
• Meeting all Wikipedia/Citizendium stylistic standards
• Participation in peer review of drafts ()
Tips:
• Topic selection is extremely important. Procrastinating on this part of the assignment, or failing to consider carefully the articles on which you’re going to work, is almost certain to add difficulty.
• Write about something you’re interested in (although you’ll need to retain some critical distance).
• Wikipedia and Citizendium maintain extensive, rigorous guidelines for their contributors; typically, articles that don’t meet the posted standards are rejected or designated for “cleanup” or other extensive revision. You are expected to adhere to standards regarding style and of citation of sources.
• The best Wikipedia entries link extensively to other pages within Wikipedia. However, these pages are not the sources from which material is drawn: instead, content is to be verified by citing authoritative, credible, specialized sources: both online and print.
o You’re required to cite at least 10 such sources.
o All material indebted to any source needs to be cited in a manner fully consistent with both Wikipedia and Citizendium citation policies and the requirements discussed in class.
• Encyclopedia entries tend to be less explicitly persuasive than other documents we’re writing this quarter. This leads to several important implications:
o Expect your writing to be scrutinized for neutrality. This doesn’t mean that no controversial or arguable ideas should be raised: it does mean, though, that those ideas should be attributed to others, discussed in the required "neutral point of view" (NPOV), and balanced with discussions of varying viewpoints in which no bias is evident.
o The structure and organization of your entries will be different from those of most persuasive, analytical essays: for instance, your article will open with a basic definition and description rather than an “opening gambit” and arguable, analytical thesis statement.
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